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NATURE WORLDWIDE: NATIONAL PARKS AND NATURE RESERVES

WORLD INSTITUTE FOR CONSERVATION & ENVIRONMENT, WICE

Home Up National Parks Systems IUCN Task Force Worldwide PA financing1 Worldwide PA financing2

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PROTECTED AREAS SYSTEM FINANCING STRATEGY

The entire 3 decades of my career I spent worrying about the financing of the protected areas systems of the world. Until the CBD in 1992, no significant financing mechanisms for protected areas existed, and only with the creation of the GEF a source of an important size came about that was dedicated specifically to the conservation of biodiversity. In that same period, of course, some other major world wide sources arose, due to a booming economy and many small and a few enormous private donations as well as institutional grants from bi-lateral sources all contributed to new financing opportunities for biodiversity conservation in the nineteen nineties.

During the first 3 - 4 years of GEF, there was the possibility to include important financing for the basic needs in support of the operations of the protected areas, but it never surpassed 50% of the projects that I saw. After the first few years, however, I saw the proportions earmarked for protected areas management gradually slide to no more than 20 and very rarely 30% of the total grant value in the projects that I analyzed or participated in. 

With COP7 dealing with protected areas, I believe that this is an opportune moment to seriously address the issue of financing protected areas management by contributing to the operational budgets of the mandated protected areas agencies (PAA). After all, they are the ones that need to carry out the vital tasks such as: 

interfacing with local communities,

help them social accrue economic benefits from the protected areas,

provide environmental education to the schools of local communities,

attend to visitors who are the source of economic benefits for local communities and help co-finance the operation of the protected areas through entry fees, and

enforce the law – although in many areas with an adequate field presence this is rarely necessary.

I have written a document in preparation of COP7. There are several reasons to deal urgently with this topic: 

In most of the countries of the world, we still don't have areas protected efficiently made up on the basis of a selection of detailed ecosystem maps and therefore it is not very likely that we end up protecting the maximum feasible 80% as estimated by Vreugdenhil et al. 2003 of all species as they now populate the planet.

Additionally we go through a period of global warming that will probably change the composition of many ecosystems in such a way that we can lose high percentages of the species that we are now capturing in protected areas, especially so, in the humid tropics.

Inadequate field presence - especially park rangers – almost always results in serious harm to any PA, which is an additional factor that reduces the chance of survival of species.

While we cannot halt climatic change, at least we can try to stop preventable direct human inflictions on protected areas by financing the management operations of the protected areas systems. In attached document, I present a calculation of the operational costs of the protected areas systems of the developing and transition countries and suggest 4 specific recommendations for COP7. These cost calculations are the most specific ones currently existing in the world.

For years there was no platform dealing with this issue, until Adopt A Ranger was created in 2006.

The document is no more than a first draft and any recommendation, expansion or suggestion for changes is welcome. In the second part of this email I include the message in Spanish as it was sent to the Latin American forum currently held in preparation of COP7. You can read more about this issue here .

  Español

En el transcurso de los 30 años de mi carrera me preocupé sobre el financiamiento de los sistemas de las áreas protegidas. Hasta la CBD en en 1992, no había mecanismos significativos para el financiamiento de las mismas, y solamente al inicio del GEF se crearon una fuente de tamaño importante dedicada a la conservación de la biodiversidad. En los primeros 3 - 4 años había la posibilidad de incluir importantes financiamientos para el financiamiento de las necesidades básicas para el manejo de las áreas protegidas, pero nunca llegaba a un 50% de los proyectos que yo vi. Después los primeros años, observaba como los financiamientos para el manejo basico de las áreas disminuía cada vez mas, hasta generalmente no llegar a 25% en los documentos de los proyectos que yo revisaba.

Con el COP7 tratando sobre las áreas protegidas, creo que es oportuno de entamar el tema. Escribí un documento en preparación de la conferencia en Malacia, que por esta razón está escrito en Ingles. Hay varias razones para tratar con este tema ahora:  

En la mayoría de los países del mundo, todavía no tenemos áreas protegidas eficientemente compuestos con la base en la selección de mapas de ecosistemas detalladas y por ende es muy poco probable que llegamos a proteger a un máximo factible de 80% de las especies todavía populando la planeta.

En cima de eso hay un calentamiento de la tierra, que cambiará probablemente la composición de muchas ecosistemas de tal forma que podemos perder un alto porcentaje de las especies que logramos de captar en áreas protegidas, especialmente en le trópico humedo.

Inadecuada presencia en el campo con personal de campo - especialmente los guardaparques - casi siempre resulta en daños graves a las AP, que es un factor que adicionalmente reduce la chance de sobrevivencia de las especies.

Mientras que no podemos influir mucho al cambio climático, por lo menos podemos tratar de parar inflicciones preventibles a través del financiamiento de las AAP. Calculo en el documento cuanto se necesita y propongo como cerrar la brecha de la deficiencia actual, dando 4 recomendaciones específicas para el COP7.

Personalmente no tengo plataforma oficial para presentar mi preocupación y como dediqué una buena parte de mi carrera a la conservación en América latina, espero que sea posible despertar una concordancia con mi preocupación que resulta en un documento con también refleja la preocupación de la región latina o por lo menos de unos países de la región que comparten la mía.

El documento no es final pero tiene el respaldo de varios conservacionistas internacionales. Sin embargo, el documento no pretende ser más que un primer borrador, y cualquiera recomendación, ampliación o sugerencia para cambios son bienvenidos.  

Para leer más sobre el tema se puede hacer clique  aqui

Saludos cordiales,

Daan Vreugdenhil

This page  is part of our web-book on Biodiversity Conservation. For organized reading go to our on-line Table of Content, or download our book in pdf format.

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NATURE WORLDWIDE is the official website of the World Institute for Conservation and Environment, WICE. It is an integrated network of web sites dealing with different topics on nature, nature conservation and natural resources management. Read here why we created Nature Worldwide. Our Methodology explains how we produced our information. Our Site Map helps you find your way in the website. We made this website out of passion for conservation. We spent our own salaries and free time to gather the information and publish it on these websites, in total valuing hundreds of thousands of dollars of professional time. Nobody pays us to do this. We simply want to contribute to conservation. If you appreciate our work, PLEASE visit our site Adopt A Ranger and see how you can make a difference for conservation most effectively: By paying one day of the salary of a ranger, you will make a difference in conserving the lives of thousands of birds, other critters and entire forests. Enjoy!

NATURE DU MONDE est le site Web officiel du World Institute for Conservation and Environment, WICE, C'est une collection intégrée de sites web qui traitent avec des sujets différents sur nature, conservation de la nature et gestion des ressources naturelles. Lisez ici pourquoi nous avons créé Nature de Monde. Notre Methodologie explique comme nous avons produit nos renseignements. Notre Site Map vous aide trouver votre entrée dans le site web. Beaucoup de plaisir!

NATURALEZA DEL MUNDO es la página Web oficial del World Institute for Conservation and Environment, WICE, Es una red de páginas Web tratando de temas diferentes relacionados a la naturaleza, la conservación el manejo de recursos naturales, parques nacionales y áreas protegidas. Lea aqui porqué hicimos Naturaleza del Mundo. Nuestra Methodología explica como produjimos la información. Nuestro Mapa del sitio le ayuda encontrar su información en nuestra página web. Disfrute! 

NATUREZA DO MUNDO é o Web site oficial do World Institute for Conservation and Environment, WICE, Es uma red de páginas Web tratando de temas diferentes relacionados à natureza, la conservação el manejo de recursos naturaleiss, parques nacionais y áreas protegidas. Lea aqui porqué creamos Natureza do Mundo. Nossa Methodología explica como produjimos a informação. Nosso Mapa do sitio le ayuda encontrar sua informação no web site. Desfrute!

NATUR DER GANZEN WELT ist, die offiziellen Website der World Institute for Conservation and Environment, WICE. Es ist ein einheitliches Netzwerk von Web Sites, über Themen wie Natur, Natur-Schutz und natürlichem Ressourcen Quellen Hege. Lesen Sie hier warum wir Natur der ganzen Welt gemacht haben. Unsere Verfahrensweise erklärt, wie wir unsere Informationen produziert würde. Unsere Site Map  hilft Ihnen Ihren Weg im Website zu finden. Viel Spaß!

NATUUR UIT ALLE STREKEN is, de officiële Website van het World Institute for Conservation and Environment, WICE. Het is een geïntegreerd Netwerk van websites, over Natuur, Natuurbescherming en het beheer van natuurlijke hulpbronnen. Lesen Sie hier warum wir Natuur uit alle Streken gemacht haben. Onze pagina Methode legt uit, hoe we onze informatie vergaarden. Onze Site Map helpt u op weg door onze website. 

WICE is a worldwide non-government non-profit organization that contributes to the conservation of nature. While it works on a many issues related to the conservation of nature and the protection of the environment, it is particularly committed to the conservation of national parks and other protected areas.

WICE - USA office:                            

1639 Steamboat Run Road

Shepherdstown, WV25443, USA

 

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